![]() thomasaquinas define truth, after giving definitions by Augustine, Hilary, and Anselm (cf. This distinction thus underlies the popular adage, "Actions speak louder than words." (see act.)Īdequatio rei et intellectus ( the adequation of the thing and the intellect ). In the moral order, a person is said to indicate his intention actu signato when he expressly manifests it in words, but actu exercito when he shows it equivalently by his deeds. The mind does not know "universality" as such and then attribute it to the concept that it has formed ( actu signato ) rather, it recognizes the concept as pertaining to many individuals, and thus becomes aware of its universality indirectly ( actu exercito ). In logic, for example, it is used to clarify the way in which the human intellect forms a universal concept. This distinction has application in several diverse areas, and in each of these respective areas its meaning undergoes a different refinement. In general, something is done actu signato when it comes about through the direct, express intention of the one acting on the other hand, when the agent only indirectly or obliquely intends the effect, then the result is said to be brought about actu exercito. The present listing is neither extensive nor exhaustive, but is intended merely as a handy reference to the best known expressions.Īctu exercito ( obliquely, indirectly ), actu signato ( expressly, directly ). One must realize that even within scholasticism, many shades of meaning are attached to these terms. Terms and Expressionsįor the most part, the fundamental Aristotelian-Thomistic meanings are presented here. ![]() In the following listing, terms and expressions have been grouped before axioms, and separate alphabetization has been used in each category. However, since Latin has faded from the family of living languages, the need for translation and explanation is imperative if scholasticism is to exercise influence outside its rather limited circles. The majority of the resulting distinctions and principles stubbornly resist translation and have been left in their Latin original. Other axioms, such as actiones sunt suppositorum, came from the scholastics themselves. Some medieval scholastic expressions were simply Latin versions of Aristotle's dicta, e.g., abstrahentium non est mendacium and propter quod unumquodque tale et illud magis. Like other philosophical systems, scholasticism has developed its own terminology.
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